How to improve the efficiency of solar panels

From installation, including tilt and orientation, to maintenance, especially cleaning: to increase the efficiency of solar panels, there are a few essential and simple things to do. Regularly, starting with the type of system and solar panel chosen.

Types of photovoltaic systems

There are several types of photovoltaic systems available on the market, each with different characteristics. The main ones, with their respective features, are:

• “Isolated” photovoltaic system (also called “off-grid”). It's a standalone system, completely independent of the electricity grid. This means it uses electricity generated on the spot, or when needed, if it's stored in an energy storage system, which may or may not be available.
• “Grid-connected” system. As is easy to deduce, it's a type of system connected to the electricity grid, meaning it operates in a two-way exchange with it. In this case, the energy produced is used for self-consumption, and any unused energy is fed into the national grid.
• “Hybrid” stand-alone system. This type of system remains connected to the electricity grid, but primarily uses its own sources. It can also use a combination of these, for example, combining photovoltaic and wind power. It usually uses a battery. If none of these sources are available, it uses energy distributed by the electricity grid.

Most requested home solar panel systems

These are the three most requested categories of domestic photovoltaic systems: 

• Balcony Solar Kits: Ideal for apartments or spaces with limited available space, they offer variable power between 350W and 800W. They are easy to install and require no significant structural intervention. 
• Systems with storage and lithium batteries: The integration of storage systems allows excess energy to be stored for use during periods of low production. Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries are particularly popular for their safety and longevity.
• High Quality Inverter: There are models that offer high performance and comfort, guaranteeing maximum energy efficiency even in shading conditions.

Types of photovoltaic panels

Photovoltaic systems are made of 99 percent pure silicon photovoltaic cells. Based on the different types of these cells, the following three types of panels can be distinguished:

• Monocrystalline silicon panelsThey are recognizable by their dark blue, black color and are characterized by excellent performance and efficiency. The average power of a standard module is around 150-180 watts.
• Polycrystalline silicon panels: These cells have a blue-iridescent color and are cheaper to produce. However, they perform well and are similar in efficiency to monocrystalline cells, but their cost is lower.
• Amorphous silicon panels: They are characterized by a yield that is approximately 30 percent lower. Performance and efficiency are lower than the first two, but they boast good adaptability to high temperatures.

To choose the perfect photovoltaic system for your needs, it's important to rely on the right professionals. On Homedeal, you can receive up to five quotes so you can carefully choose the one best suited to your home.

How to improve the performance of solar panels

To increase the performance of solar panels and achieve the best level of efficiency, reducing costs and waste and making the most of sunlight, there are some essential things to do. 

• Have software that can monitor the activity of the panels and report any anomalies.
• Optimize the tilt angle: the recommended one is between 30° and 35°.
• Avoid the shade: Even partial shade can significantly reduce the panels' efficiency. It's therefore essential to ensure that no objects, such as trees, adjacent buildings, or chimneys, cast shadows on the panels.
• Orientation of the panel: in Italy you need to head towards the South, and in particular, in the afternoon hours, towards the South-East and South-West. 
• Make sure there is good ventilation around the panels: heat can significantly reduce their performance. 
• Do regular cleaning and panel maintenance. Accumulation of dust, leaves, or debris can reduce the panels' ability to absorb sunlight.
• Using household appliances during the hours when there is sunlight.
• Thermal Management: The use of advanced materials, such as graphene-enhanced thermal interfaces, can reduce panel temperatures by up to 31,5°C, improving energy efficiency and reducing power loss.

Read also:

• Balcony photovoltaic systems: how much they cost and how much you can save
• How to install a photovoltaic panel
• Photovoltaic water heaters: models, costs, and advantages